HOW TO STUDY THE ENLIGHTENMENT? STUDY AND DEFEND

We live in a time of uncertainty and transition. Some would claim that Enlightenment has already died (Kissinger, Bendyk 2018, Agata Bielik-Robson 2019), its values are no longer relevant to our values. However, quite recently, some outstanding scientists, like Steven Pinker (2018), have published good defence the Enlightenment, claiming instead we need What follows is quick overview defences from Adorno, Horkheimer Habermas, Todorov, Nussbaum others Pinker, arguing for pragmatic rationality. Rationality, even if it impossible define with any universality objectivist point view (Cartesian rationalism defend), then may function, together human dignity, as multi-faced criterium intersubjective reality tolerant, peaceful society.